Clefs are used to identify what notes go where on the staff.  There are three main types of clefs in basic notation.

The Treble Clef 

The treble clef is also known as the G clef because the line that curves around the G line. Pitch on the treble clef is as follows:

    - The lines, from bottom to top, represent: E G B D F

To remember use: Every Good Boy Does Fine

    - The spaces, from bottom to top, represent: F A C E

To remember use the word FACE.

The Bass Clef 

The bass clef is also known as the F clef as the two dots surround the F space. Pitch on the bass clef is as follows:

- The lines, from bottom to top, represent: G B D F A

To remember use: Good Boys Do Fine Always

- The spaces, from bottom to top, represent: A C E G

To remember use: All Cows Eat Grass

The C-Clef 

The c-clef takes many forms is musical notation.  It is called the c-clef because the clef is centered on the horizontal line which is refered to as middle-C.  The clef, however, can appear on any line of the staff, therefore it acquires a different name for each position.  The most prominant one is the alto-clef position, where the c-clef is situated on the middle line of the staff.